Responding to Q1 (PRC sanctions): Would it be possible to set up an international insurance pool against sanctions?

The insurer could be some sort of consortium between private sector and government actors. Companies from exposed industries would be incentivized or forced to join the initiative. And the insurance industry would gain a whole new set of customers (if it doesn't already have it -- I don't know).

There is a risk that insurance companies would try to limit payouts to sanctioned customers by influencing Western foreign policy toward compliance with the PRC. But not necessarily. Compensating sanction-induced losses may not always be that expensive: didn't Australian wine producers lose much less in sales to the PRC than insurance companies pay out in response to disasters on a regular basis?

Just an idea. Maybe a bad one, that hopefully someone can turn into a better one.