Thomas Dayspring, MD FACP, FNLA

Triglyceride-rich LDL particles, which can now be routinely measured with a direct homogenous assay, may play an important role in atherosclerosis development.

Therapeutic Lipidology (2nd edition) Chapter 13: Intestinally Active Therapies for Hypercholesterolemia: Ezetimibe, Bile Acid Resins and Plant Sterols. Review of intestinal absorption of cholesterol and therapies that modulate it

Up to 12 months of elagolix with add-back therapy provided sustained reduction in menstrual blood loss in women with uterine leiomyomas, with the addition of add-back therapy attenuating the hypoestrogenic effects of elagolix alone. No new or unexpected safety concerns were associated with an additional 6 months of elagolix with addback therapy.

Major International Clinical Chemistry Textbook

We have described sample distributions of NCS biomarkers and characterized their
relationship to age, sex, and APOE genotype. These data may facilitate research into altered cholesterol homeostasis and human disease, and help physicians optimize lipid-lowering therapies.

Cardiometabolic risk markers from a national clinical laboratory were broadly similar to those of the US population; thus, with certain caveats, data from the former may be generalizable to the latter.

A continuation of the National Lipid Association recommendations developed by a diverse panel of experts who examined the evidence base and provided recommendations regarding the following topics: (1) lifestyle therapies; (2) groups with special considerations, including children and adolescents, women, older patients, certain ethnic and racial groups, patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus, patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and patients with residual risk despite statin and… Show more

A continuation of the National Lipid Association recommendations developed by a diverse panel of experts who examined the evidence base and provided recommendations regarding the following topics: (1) lifestyle therapies; (2) groups with special considerations, including children and adolescents, women, older patients, certain ethnic and racial groups, patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus, patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and patients with residual risk despite statin and lifestyle therapies; and (3) strategies to improve patient outcomes by increasing adherence and using team-based collaborative care. Show less

Recognition of asymptomatic GKD is important to prevent unnecessary treatment and overestimated cardiovascular risk.

This review focuses primarily on lipid/lipoprotein biology and plasma concentrations in women, beginning in the fetus and extending through childhood, adolescence, pregnancy, midlife and postmenopausal periods.

Case report on how a seemingly aggressively managed patient can have an acute coronary syndrome

Discordance between apolipoprotein B and LDL-P by NMR is more frequent than commonly realized and is associated with insulin resistance and Lp(a) abnormaalities

The term Lp(a) mass refers to the entire mass of the particle: lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates combined. At present, there are no commercially available assays that are completely insensitive to the variability in particle mass. This review focuses on 1 aspect of Lp(a) that is rarely discussed directly: how to express its levels in serum.

Although increased circulating lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] cholesterol and mass have been associated with CV risk, no practicable method exists to measure Lp(a)-P.We developed a method of determining Lp(a)-P suitable for routine clinical use.The LIPO-IFE method will allow Lp(a)-P to be readily tested as a CVD risk factor in large-scale clinical trials

We found no adverse interactions between APOE genotype and the Omega-3 Index for LDL-C, LDL particle number, apoB, HDL-C, or triglycerides

Identifying patients with pseudohypertriglyceridemia prevents overestimation of cardiovascular
risk and exposure to unnecessary lipid-altering agents; and heightens the awareness of the potential for symptomatic GKD in male offspring. We urge clinical labs to provide a glycerol-blanked triglyceride measurement for known or suspected pseudohypertriglyceridemia.

Although most measured triglyceride
(TG) values in these patients were markedly elevated, periodic concentrations were reported as normal.
When elevated TG do not respond totherapy, the clinician must immediately think of the diagnosis ‘pseudohypertriglyceridemia’
or as it is more aptly termed ‘glycerolemia’ secondary to glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD).

an update on the biochemical mechanism of action for ezetimibe, its safety and efficacy, as well as the results of recent randomized studies that support its use in a variety of clinical scenarios.

The efficacy and adverse event profile of rosuvastatin are
evaluated based on the results of randomized, controlled clinical trials and observational studies available in the Medline database

Understanding how the TG/cholesteryl ester core compistion of lipoproteins affects LDL-P

Understanding all of the factors affecting LDL-P

Understanding TG in women

What is the best way to ascertain CV risk?

Cutting edge discussion of the complexities of HDL trafficiking of cholesterol

THorough article with color graphics on lipid disorders in understanding and treating lipids in menopausal women

Lipid and lipoprotein effects of raloxifene (Evista) in a major clin ical trial

Discussion of triglycerides in women and effects of various drugs including hormonal therapies

LDL particle sizes, lipids and estrogen

Dayspring T. Atherothrombosis in Women: Effects of Estrogen Receptor Modulation. Journal of the Bellevue Obstetrical and Gynecological Society. 2001;17:19-25. Spring 2001 Edition.

High level discussion of TG-rich lipoproteins and the effects of two powerful TG modulating drugs

despite attainment of LDL cholesterol <50 mg/dl or non-HDL cholesterol <80 mg/dl, patients with diabetes exhibited
significant variation in LDL particle levels, with most having LDL particle concentrations >500 nmol/L, suggesting the persistence of potential residual coronary heart disease risk.

Easy to understand article on the complexities of the lipid profile in diagnosing CV risk in women