Copy

No Images? View In Browser

WAS THIS FORWARDED TO YOU?  SIGN UP HERE FOR A FREE TRIAL SUBSCRIPTION!

CONTENTS

For America to be displaced by an Asian people long despised and dismissed with contempt as decadent, feeble, corrupt and inept, is emotionally very difficult to accept. The sense of cultural supremacy of the Americans will make this adjustment most difficult.  Lee Kwan Yew 

Economy

Nuclear 4.0: Thorium Reactor Changes Everything

$228 Bn corporate R&D + 3 million scientists in 2022. 70,000 of those scientist work for BYD! Read article →

The real estate sector contributed 7.3% to China’s national economy and accounted for 13.5% of the tertiary sector, putting it behind only the retail sector and finance. Read article →

Finance

China bonds beat US Treasuries. I have never seen the government bonds of an emerging market, supposedly in crisis, outperform US treasuries. Yet since the start of Covid, long-dated Chinese government bonds have outperformed long-dated US treasuries by 35%! In fact, they've been a beacon of stability. If you look at market behavior and conclude that, since Chinese banks have spent the last year outperforming US treasuries, the problem is not in the Chinese financial system, but in the US treasury market itself. If so, we are entering a new world in which US treasuries can no longer be thought of as the bedrock on which to build portfoliosRead article →

New regulations eliminate 30% of China's hedge funds, those that cannot maintain a net asset value of $1.2 million, limit the size of any investment to 25% of assets, and leverage to 200%. These smaller actors frequently cause extreme volatility in a sector that has grown sevenfold since 2013. Read article →

$944 billion investment in real estate YTD, 8.5% down from 2022Read article →

Trade

$500 M Japanese seafood exports to China banned after Fukushima wastewater discharges. Hong Kong’s sushi restaurants are bracing for a cost jump. 

Korean and Taiwanese chipmakers will continue bringing advanced semiconductor technology and related equipment into China after the U.S. extended its one-year exemption. Read article →

Chip giant NVIDIA warns, "Restrictions prohibiting the sale of our GPUs to China will result in a permanent loss of an opportunity for the US industry to compete and lead in one of the world's largest markets". Read article →

The US wants to extend a science and technology agreement with China for six months so that it can negotiate, amend and strengthen the landmark deal, the State Department says. Read article →

Iran discovers world's #2 lithium deposit, disrupts the global lithium market and Australia’s position as its leading producer (and exporter of 95% of the mineral to China). Read article →

BRICS trade rises 19% YTD, to make up 10% of China’s total foreign trade.  Exports rose 23.9%; imports, 14.3%. Read article →

Technology

China's geosynchronous radar imaging satellite, a world first
LandSpace, a private firm, launched a test payload into a sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), giving it the lead in developing liquid oxygen methane rocket technology. Engines that run on methane are renowned for their strong performance and low running costs, and are especially well-suited for reusable rockets. Zhuque-2 is a two-stage liquid-propellant carrier rocket, 50 meters long and 3.35 meters in diameter. For low Earth orbit, it can carry six tonnes, and for SSO, four tonnes. Read full article →
Huawei's $30 billion chip fab network. The Biden administration threatens action against a manufacturing network that would let the company skirt US sanctions.  Read full article →

The global market for mobile communications equipment declined  “much faster than anticipated,” due to “the clouds forming in North America”. Ericsson and Nokia cut guidance in their latest earnings reports, after both saw a decline in RAN market share. Huawei’s market share reached its highest level in three years.  Read full article →

China can mass produce ultra-strong carbon fibre, breaking international monopolies to supply materials for aerospace and defence. New production line makes 2,000 tons of it per year. Carbon fibre is an essential strategic material with excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability. It is indispensable for the aerospace, defence, transport, new energy and marine engineering industries. Read full article →

Health

COVID-19 prevalence remains low. The proportion of EG.5-related cases in all COVID infections has risen from 0.6 percent in April to 71.6 percent at present, and it is the predominant variant in the vast majority of provinces in China.  Read article →

Total fertility rate was 1.09 in 2022, down from 1.30 in 2020, well below Japan's  1.26. Read article →

Beijing Municipality will restrict the use of AI in the healthcare sector. The draft rules “strictly prohibit” the use of AI to automatically generate online medical prescriptions without human supervision. Other provisions include:

  • Doctors who offer online diagnosis must have practiced clinical medicine for at least three years. They must also register with their real names before seeing patients online.
  • Patients are also required to identify themselves formally, and doctors must refer patients to physical clinics if there are any suspicions.
  • Medical records of online consultations need to be kept for at least 15 years, and documentation of the process of diagnosis, including audio and video records, must be kept for at least three years.
  • Internet medical services are required to clearly publicize their prices. Read article →

Society

Zhuhai Opera House by day and night.
China's Property Market Made Simple. Chinese folks tend to own their homes. I don't mean with the bank like in the US. I mean they own 100% of their homes. "Mortgages aren’t as common in China as in the West: Only 18 percent of homeowners have one." - FP In the US a stunning 64.8% of "homeowners" don't own their home at all; the bank does. "According to the US Census, the total percentage of homeowners mortgage in the US is 64.8%." Millions of Chinese homeowners have seen the value of their homes rise by double or even ten fold in the last couple decades. Honestly, few care if suddenly their home lost a few percentage points in value in the last year. They aren't 'refinancing.' They already own their home. The use of western metrics to view China's property markets look silly when you actually know the details. The only folks not being made whole will likely be developers and speculators. So, some rich Wall Street boys are put out by recent developments. Chinese families, not so much. Those with investments in unfinished homes are being made whole. China, again, has shown the superiority of its economic system. The US has a lot to learn about and from the China-model.  Read article →

Two years after the ban on extracurricular private lessons, many parents maintain the practice. Although regulation has put an end to the US$70 billion private tutoring market, demand from families has not diminished and they now hire illegal private teachers or study trips to give children advantages in education; the government seeks to discourage these practices, which represent the biggest expense for many families. Read article →

Environment

70,000 Tibetan antelopes, 1200 Snow Leopards counted in Sanjiangyuan National Park in NW China today, up from 20,000Read article →

August 15 was China's first National Ecology Day, with activities to enhance awareness of the natural awareness. Read article →

Provinces get renewables targets for 2023. The highest (70%) went to provinces with the hydroelectric capacity, like Sichuan, Yunnan, and Qinghai. Each province also received a target for non-hydro renewable energy consumption, with Qinghai (27.2%), Ningxia (24.5%), and Jilin (23.5%) the highest. Read article →

World's largest hydrogen producer (33 MT pa.), China, published first hydrogen energy industry guidelines, aiming to establish a hydrogen industrial system that standardizes production, storage, transportation, and utilization; As the world's largest hydrogen producer (33 million tons per year), China sees the resource as an important means of transitioning to a low-carbon economy. Read article →

Expats

Wow! ..some long but affordable slow trains leave every afternoon from platform 5 of SH Station.
  • T116 to Lanzhou: 24 hours, 1700km, sleeper = $ (408CNY)
  • Z40 to Urumqi: 36 hours, 3200km, sleeper = $87 (635CNY)
  • Z172 to Harbin: 24 hours, 1670km, sleeper = $64 (463CNY). 
Lanzhou and Harbin have direct high speed rail options that will get you there in ~11 hours for twice the price. Urumqi has no direct G train service from SH but you can transfer in Lanzhou to a (slightly slower) D train if you want to do it all by high speed rail. Read article →

Statistics

Governance

HOW CHINA GETS PEOPLE OUT OF POVERTY..  
AND KEEPS THEM OUT
China's tax administration sustains a special type of social order: it is secured by a state apparatus and allows very large-scale social coordination; but to a substantial extent, this type of social order dispenses with the benefits of law. It illustrates, at a grand scale, a basic distinction between the coercive power of the state and law-based social ordering.  Read more →

In 2019, because Hangzhou Safari Park changed its annual pass from fingerprint to facial recognition, Prof. Guo was required to activate his face in order to enter, so Guo filed a lawsuit. In April 2021, the court ruled that Safari Park's intention to process the collected images as facial recognition information went beyond the original purpose of collection, violating the principle of legitimacy. The court ordered Safari Park to delete Guo's facial information, including the submitted photos when he applied for the annual pass. Since fingerprint recognition gates were no longer in use, the park also needed to delete Guo's fingerprint information. New regulations provide specific provisions for various application scenarios of facial recognition technology. Read more →

Xiao Yi, Communist Party chief of Fuzhou city from 2017 to 2021, will spend the rest of his life in prison for accepting bribes and abusing his power. While provided fiscal, capital and electricity-related support to local crypto mining firms, a violation of national regulations. He also took $17 million in bribes and provided favors to companies and individuals. Read more →

Forbes Johanna Costigan, on China’s draft regulations for face recognition: “They enable continued state surveillance—and overt government exceptionalism. But they also grant individuals the right to protect their personal data (in this case, the especially intimate data of one’s face) from businesses that stand to market and profit off people’s likeness..While a half completed task shouldn’t be praised, it is a half step further than the United States has taken.” Read more →

China's high-speed railway network is one of the largest infrastructure programs in human history, but we know very little about the political process that led the to investment and the reasons for the striking regional and temporal variation in such investments. In Localized Bargaining, Xiao Ma offers a novel theory of intergovernmental bargaining that explains the unfolding of China's unprecedented high-speed railway program. Drawing on a wealth of in-depth interviews, original data sets, and surveys with local officials, Ma details how the bottom-up bargaining efforts by territorial authorities—whom the central bureaucracies rely on to implement various infrastructure projects—shaped the allocation of investment in the railway system. Demonstrating how localities of different types invoke institutional and extra-institutional sources of bargaining power in their competition for railway stations, Ma sheds new light on how the nation's massive bureaucracy actually functions. Read more →

Propaganda

The province of Tibet (Xizang), roughly 13% of China's territory, is composed at 86% of Tibetans, and I've never met a Tibetan in China who didn't speak Tibetan. There also are many Tibetan autonomous regions in Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Yunnan and other provinces. All in all, Tibetan autonomous areas make up more than 20% of China's territory despite Tibetans being less than 0.5% of China's population. In those regions, which I have visited many times, it's Tibetan culture everywhere: everything is written in Tibetan (road signs, shop names, etc.), you see Tibetan temples and monks everywhere, people dress up in Tibetan traditional clothing, etc. Meanwhile I've met plenty of immigrants to the US or native Americans who didn't speak a word of their original language, or knew close to nothing about their original culture. And so-called "Indian reservations" make up a meager 2.3% of US territory, FOR ALL THE TRIBES PUT TOGETHER (when we're speaking about Tibetans only for China: they have 55 other ethnic minorities, many of which also have their own autonomous regions).Read article →

Feds ask TikTok for Lots of Domestic Spying Features. A draft agreement would give US agencies unprecedented access to TikTok's facilities and servers, thus transforming it into an American platform. In extreme cases, the agreement allows government organizations to shut off functioning in the US. Read more →

Sputnik news agency proposes a shared platform for BRICS news agencies. South Africa’s leading agency, ANA, and China’s global agency Xinhua have already tied the knot and their news is available in each other’s editorial terminals. "It is very important to get verified and precise information from each other, not tainted by narratives and fakes of the West,” said Sputnik's editor-in-chief. Read more →
Why China’s economy won’t be fixed: An increasingly autocratic government is making bad decisions, by Zanny Minton Beddoes, Editor-in-chief, The Economist: How bad is it? Our cover this week tackles this important—and much debated—question about China’s economy. Our leader argues that things are very bad indeed. The blame lies with Xi Jinping and China’s increasingly autocratic government. Mr Xi’s centralisation of power and his replacement of technocrats with loyalists is leading to damaging policy failures, not least a feeble response to tumbling growth and inflation. This week my colleagues provide detailed coverage on the consequences inside China and for the rest of the world.  In the 2000s Western leaders mistakenly believed that trade, markets and growth would boost democracy and individual liberty. But China is now testing the reverse relationship: whether more autocracy damages the economy. The evidence is mounting that it does—and that after four decades of fast growth, China is entering a period of disappointment. [Ed: in the real world, China's economy is booming, and GDP will grow $1.5 Tn this year, five times more than America's or Europe's]. Read more →

History

“Complaints, whether of communities or individuals, it is possible to adjust; but war undertaken by a coalition for sectional interests, whose progress there is no means of foreseeing, may not be easily or creditably settled.”  - Archidamus, King of Sparta [Thucydides, 1.82.6] 

Diplomacy

A BRI team of Chinese and Italian researchers has restored parts of the 300-year-old Church of Santa Maria di Nazareth, which overlooks the Grand Canal and is a prime example of Venetian Baroque architecture. using modern nanotechnology developed to consolidate, or treat, marble stones damaged by time and the elements. The research was funded by the Veneto regional government, the Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Ministry of Science and Technology’s BRI foreign expert exchange programme. Read more →

"Islam is safe and well respected in Xinjiang, China". Another delegation from the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) visited an exhibition in Urumqi to learn from "China's success" in "counter-terrorism and de-radicalization" in Xinjiang – the third tour of XJ for some members of the delegation. "The envoys were deeply shocked and outraged by previous incidents of terrorism and extremism in XJ and praised China's accomplishments in counter-terrorism and de-radicalization. "They were moved by the region's hard-won social stability, ethnic harmony, and religious conformity. The delegation's leader, Djibouti's Permanent Representative to the OIC Dya-Eddine Bamakhrama, said the past riots in Xinjiang were shocking.  "In addition, he said that the Chinese government's counter-terrorism and de-radicalization measures had vigorously safeguarded social tranquility and people's safety. Read more →

The Central American Parliament expelled Taiwan and replaced it with China, whose growing economic influence in Latin America has increasingly marginalized Taipei. Read more →

Mia Mottley, Prime Minister of Barbados, spoke for many developing countries when she called for a transformation of the World Bank and IMF. “When these institutions were founded [in 1944] our countries did not exist”. Zoltan Pozsar, head of Ex Uno Plures, sees the system at a tipping point. “The global east and south are renegotiating the world order. The west dreamt of the Brics as a lapdog, that they would accumulate dollars and recycle them into Treasuries, but instead of that they are renegotiating how things are done.” Sir Danny Alexander, a former British government minister, said, “At a meeting of the China International Development Co-operation Agency there was a lot of discussion about the different kinds of collaboration going on. They talked about south south, north south and triangular co-operation. What is clear is there is a multiplicity of discussions on development and investment issues and these conversations no longer all flow through a western filter.” Read more →

Xi in Jo'burg: “China has funded Global Development and South-South Cooperation $4 billion, and Chinese financial institutions will soon set up a special fund of $10 billion dedicated to the implementation of the GDI. From Asia to Africa, from Pacific island countries to the Caribbean, over 200 cooperation projects have come to fruition, and cooperation mechanisms are growing in areas such as poverty reduction, education and health. Under the GDI, we have prioritized green development, new-type industrialization, the digital economy and some other key areas, and pursued a Partnership on New Industrial Revolution to boost high-quality development. We have launched a China-FAO South-South Cooperation Trust Fund, implemented the Food Production Enhancement Action, and provided food assistance to and shared agrotech with many countries. We have also initiated a Global Clean Energy Cooperation Partnership with a view to achieving energy security. Specific measures will be taken, such as providing satellite mapping data products, implementing a Smart Customs cooperation partnership, and launching with UNESCO a ‘GDI for Africa's Future’ action plan, to support sustainable development in Africa.” Read more →

Geopolitics

Eric X Li: China's Rise depended on the Mao era

Jim O’Neill, who coined the term 'BRIC' in 2001, said adding countries to the bloc will not really matter economically, unless the new member is Saudi Arabia — with its close ties to the U.S. and its oil resources — in that case, joining BRICS would be a “pretty big deal,” O’Neill said. Read more →

Taiwanese officials are monitoring Chinese Americans and passing intelligence to the FBI in attempts to have them prosecuted, while working with media and politicians to create a culture of fear towards China and Chinese people in the US. Taiwanese officials claim they are “directing” and “guiding” certain US politicians. Taiwan is monitoring and helping to intimidate U.S. politicians they deem to be too pro-China. The island is spending millions funding US think tanks that inject pro-Taiwan and anti-China talking points into American politics. Read more →

Russia's Volga-Dnepr Cargo Airlines initiated legal proceedings to recover the Antonov An-124 confiscated by the Canadian Government. The aircraft landed at Toronto Pearson International Airport on a humanitarian flight commissioned by the Government of Canada with 475 cubic meters/60,900 kg of COVID-19 test kits from China and was seized by Canadian officials. Read more →

WAR

PLAN's powerful rail gun – an electromagnetically powered weapon that launches projectiles with very high speed and accuracy. It accelerates a 124kg (273lb) projectile to 435 mph in 0.05 seconds, the heaviest known projectile to be used in a rail gun experiment. A shell moving at such speeds could hit a target several miles away. Read more →

A Chinese “supership” could do the job of almost an entire carrier fleet, wrote Rear Admiral Ma Weiming, who revealed a conceptual blueprint of a warship unlike any ship the world had seen. “It will overturn the combat formation of naval fleets that has been in place for over a hundred years”. Read more →

The Pentagon is building up missile defenses on Guam based on growing concerns of possible missile attacks from China. Said the Army general in charge of missile defense for the Indo-Pacific command, Maj. Gen. Brian Gibson, “The PRC is trying to impose their will throughout the U.S. military area of responsibility on things they they lay claim to. The activities and the growth of the PRC alone remain shocking. I don’t know why you create a military means at that magnitude and that level of capability unless you intend to use it,” he added, with charming naivety.  Read more →

LONG READS:
Poverty
The World Bank: How China did it report. Download here.
New Narrative
America’s “New” China Narrative

James K. Galbraith

Three recent articles in The New York Times have signaled a “new” narrative about China. Only weeks ago, China was America’s fearsome “peer competitor” on the world stage. But now, we are told, it is a wounded dragon. Once a threat by dint of its inexorable rise, now it poses a threat because it is in decline.

US President Joe Biden set the terms of this new narrative. As The New York Times’s Michael D. Shear reports, the White House now worries that “China’s struggles with high unemployment and an aging workforce make the country ‘a ticking time bomb’ at the heart of the world economy.” Biden warned that, “When bad folks have problems, they do bad things,” but he did not explain how, exactly, unemployment and an aging population turn China into a threat.

For his part, Shear gives another reason for China’s newfound decline: “the president has moved aggressively to contain China’s rise and to restrict its ability to benefit militarily from the use of technologies developed in the United States.” Given the scope of Biden’s new semiconductor restrictions, he might have added “and non-militarily as well.”

Meanwhile, Peter S. Goodman, an economics reporter, points to a “slew of developments” supporting the new narrative. These include declining Chinese exports and imports, falling prices “on a range of goods, from food to apartments,” a housing slump, and a real-estate default that has produced losses of $7.6 billion (a sizeable event, but nothing close to the typical US bank bailout). In responding, Goodman writes, “Chinese authorities are limited in their options ... given mounting debts now estimated at 282% of national output.”

According to Goodman (and to many economists, including in China), China’s difficulties stem from deeper problems such as a high savings rate, vast deposits in the banking system, a new wariness about real estate, and, consequently, a growing need “to boost domestic demand.” He and his sources agree that the proper cure is “stimulus” – meaning more consumption and less investment.

Moreover, Goodman cites MIT economist Yasheng Huang, who notes that exports plus imports in China total 40% of GDP (much of which comprises final assembly and re-exports of imported components). But while Huang appears to have left Goodman with the impression that reducing this “pass-through” trade would have a big effect, the fact is that the effect would be quite small, since imports are a subtraction from GDP. China is losing merely the value-added, a fraction of the overall product value.

Finally, the Nobel laureate Paul Krugman rounds out the paper’s coverage of China’s “stumble” by offering an economist’s “systemic view.” According to Krugman, China previously grew “largely by catching up to Western technology,” but now it faces the problem of too much saving, too much investment, and too little consumption. It therefore needs “fundamental reforms” to “put more income in the hands of families, so that rising consumption can take the place of unsustainable investment.”

In fact, there is nothing new about Krugman’s key point about savings. Western economists were already pushing that line 30 years ago, when I became (for four years) chief technical adviser for macroeconomic reform to China’s State Planning Commission. “Invest less! Consume more!” – the mantra made no sense to me then, and it still doesn’t today. One wonders what it even means. Should China have more cars but worse roads and fewer gas stations (not to mention subways and high-speed trains)? Does it need more televisions, but fewer apartments to put them in? Does the population need more food and clothing, even though it was already mostly well-fed and decently dressed three decades ago?

True, Chinese families save prodigiously for education, health care, and old age. But they can do that because they have incomes, which come in large part from jobs in the public and private investment sectors. Chinese workers are paid for building the factories, homes, rail lines, roads, and other public works that have transformed China within our lifetimes. Contrary to Krugman, the typical (statistically average) Chinese family is not income constrained. If it were, it would not be able to save as much as it does.

Moreover, if China were to run out of investment projects, incomes would fall, savings would slow, and consumption as a share of income would necessarily rise. But this decline of savings would make Chinese families less secure, deepening today’s slowdown. No wonder the government has taken pains to keep investment flowing through major programs like the Belt and Road Initiative. Even after China itself is fully built (or overbuilt), it still will have plenty to do in Central Asia, Africa, and Latin America. China’s investments have been welcome in those regions, where it is said that, “When we’re engaged with the Chinese, we get an airport. And when we’re engaged with you [Americans], we get a lecture.”

Yes, China’s economy is slowing. It will be hard to scale anything to match the cities and transport networks that are already in place, or the recent campaign to eliminate extreme poverty. China’s main tasks now lie elsewhere: in education and health care, in matching skills to jobs, in providing for the elderly, and in curbing pollution and carbon dioxide emissions. There is no guarantee that these efforts will succeed, but at least they are on China’s agenda. That means they will be pursued in Chinese fashion: step by step, over time.

So, what is the new narrative really about? It is not so much about China as it is about the West. It is about our lead in technologies, our free-market system, and our ability to wield power and to keep all challengers at bay. It is about reinforcing what Westerners like to believe: the inevitable triumph of capitalism and democracy. Above all, it is about our American leaders winning out against “bad folks” who may do “bad things.” It’s a narrative that’s made-to-measure for the 2024 election campaign. Project Syndicate.

James K. Galbraith, Professor of Government at the University of Texas at Austin, is a former staff economist for the House Banking Committee and a former executive director of the Joint Economic Committee of Congress. From 1993-97, he served as chief technical adviser for macroeconomic reform to China’s State Planning Commission. He is the author of Inequality: What Everyone Needs to Know (Oxford University Press, 2016) and Welcome to the Poisoned Chalice: The Destruction of Greece and the Future of Europe (Yale University Press, 2016).
BRICCISTAN
A Realistic View of BRICS and BRICISSTAN
 
Roger Boyd

The true core of BRICS will consist of China, Russia and Iran, with elites that are nationalist and in the case of China and Iran also heavily socialist. Russia still operates with much of the neoliberal inheritance of the 1990s, even within the minds of many of its ruling elite. The Ukraine conflict, and the resultant Western sanctions, has facilitated a significant decolonization of the Russian mind and a rebalancing of state-oligarch relations in favour of the former.
These three nations have the potential to dominate Central Asia (Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan), Belarus, Iraq, and Syria; with the aid of the overlapping Shanghai Cooperation Council (SCO) security alliance. Linking together a huge landmass that contains the greatest global manufacturing power, the second greatest global military power, and colossal natural resource deposits. This is the true core of the challenge to the West, perhaps we can call it BRICISSTAN. Mongolia represents an independent variable, but simple geography and trade flows will mean that it never becomes an enemy.

For this challenge to be successful it requires at the least the non-alignment of the rest of the non-West, and their usage of the new multi-polar world to rebalance their economic relations with the West to their advantage. Such non-alignment was shown with respect to the Western sanctions upon Russia, where the Rest of the World (ROW) refused to be part of the Western attempt to subjugate Russia. In ASEAN (the Association of South East Asian Nations) plus Bangladesh and Pakistan, China has a grouping that will be at least non-aligned, with some nations such as Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia being much closer to China. The underlying dynamic of Chinese demand and respect for sovereignty will continue to pull ASEAN toward China, no matter what the West does. The latter is doing as much as possible to disrupt this process, with widespread interference in the elections in Malaysia and Thailand and support for Western-comprador forces in Myanmar (greatly aided by India), but its efforts will come to nought; with Chinese patience and restraint paying dividends.

India, the “I” in BRICS will never be a truly anti-imperial force as its ruling class are fully neoliberal, with many educated in the West. This elite treats China as a regional competitor that must be resisted, and with a mindset that protects its national rentier profit-making. This combination has repeatedly led India to cut off its nose to spite its face, with Chinese (and other foreign) companies treated in highly arbitrary ways that stifle the ability of India to utilize Chinese (and other nations) help for national development. India will remain as a developing nation, never to repeat the Chinese (and South Korean, and Taiwanese, and ongoing Vietnamese) growth and development miracle. India’s long-term alliance with Russia will mitigate its relationship with BRICISSTAN, but India will always be a prickly neighbour that will look to work with the US against China when it sees advantage. In many ways, India’s geopolitical role resembles that of Turkey under Erdogan.

South Africa, the “S” in BRICS is a neoliberal fun house run by an ANC traitorous elite that turned its back on the masses of the Black population to massively enrich itself in cahoots with the white national capitalists and Western capital. If any nation has truly implemented the story of Animal Farm it is South Africa. “All [black people] are equal, but some [black people] are more equal than others” and “[socialists] good, [capitalists even white ones] better” seems befitting of current South Africa. The Black elite may very well exercise a level of nationalism, but they will never be socialist brothers. This is where the RIC respect for national sovereignty and political non-interference becomes such a weapon to wield against the neo-colonial ever-interfering West. To stretch a saying of Deng, the RIC must make friends with socialist, capitalist, and even medieval theocratic monarchic cats to overcome the West; but it must also be wary of the non-socialist cats.

Brazil, the “B” in BRICS, is a nation dominated by the elites that it was bequeathed at the time of independence. A poisoned chalice that, as I have written here, here and here, provides a disabling legacy for Latin America. There are a few nations that have fully or partially escaped that legacy, mainly Cuba, Nicaragua, Venezuela and Bolivia, but for the vast majority the comprador landed, and financial domestic elites dominate. As I have covered here, the very best of Lula was “neoliberalism with crumbs” and the most recent reincarnation is certainly not the best version. He will tread very carefully with respect to the West, being seen more to hold the coat of the RIC than directly engage in the duel. The Latin American comprador elites are simply looking for improved prices for their exports, and a bit more leeway in their exploitation of their populations, by working with the RIC. Argentina, which is swaying back to the right from a mildly progressive government very much reflects that reality.

Saudi Arabia and the UAE are medieval-style monarchies that claim their nation’s wealth for themselves, but they have smelt the wind and notice the new way that it is blowing. Together with the cooperation with Russia and Iran within OPEC+, they are more forcefully pivoting to the RIC (with Saudi Arabia and Qatar becoming observers of the SCO); reflecting their interests with their fellow OPEC+ members and the biggest market for the fossil fuel exports, while turning away from Western divide and conquer tactics. Due to the Western inability to stop interfering in the domestic politics of its “allies”, Egypt has started to drift away from the Western sphere (including observer status at the SCO) ; but again, we must remember the nature of its leadership. Ethiopia does seem to be a state that under its new leadership is attempting to turn away from the West and gain the alternative financing and help that it needs to do so. Given its location in the Horn of Africa opposite Saudi Arabia, its geopolitical positioning will affect the whole region.

The West is utterly dependent on its ability to source raw materials from the Rest at knockdown prices, keep them underdeveloped so that they provide a good market for Western exports, and steal the value added produced by the Rest through unequal trading and legal relationships backed up by technology controls. This avenue has already been shut down in Russia and Iran (mostly be the West’s own self-harming sanctions), and China is increasingly moving up the technology curve and gaining a greater share of its own value added; the real reason for Western aggression. As especially China expands its increasingly sophisticated exports around the world, imports more and more from the Rest, and funds development projects, the flow of cheap resources and value-added to the West is reduced. In the Middle East, China and Russia are working with Iraq, Saudi Arabia and the other Gulf States to remove their dependence upon the US dollar and Western financial system. The capitalist centre is slowly strangled. In the Middle East and Africa, Russia also provides hired military muscle to facilitate the success of nations such as Niger in rebalancing their economic relations with the West.

RIC and BRICISSTAN do not need Brazil, India or South Africa or others as full allies against the West, they simply need them (as with the rest of the ROW) to not be enemies and to utilize multipolarity to rebalance their economic and financial relations with the West. Without the neo-colonial flows of plunder to the West, the capitalist centre will be strangled into a slow collapse with no need for war. The over-sized Western elite response to the coup in Niger shows that they are very cognizant of this possibility, but they may also be becoming more conscious of their inability to stop it happening. The failure of the Western comprador ECOWAS to mount a military campaign against Niger in the face of popular resistance in their own nations is a marker to which way the wind is blowing.

So, we do not need to be disappointed when Brazil, India and South Africa and others show their unwillingness to become true partners of BRICISSTAN. All we need of them is to stand aside from the duel and use it to rebalance their relations with the West to their advantage. This by itself will help bring the Western house down. Subscribe to Roger's Substack.

REVIEWS

Political Economy of China’s Sovereign Leveraged Funds

Zongyuan Zoe Liu

China's sovereign wealth funds comprises two leading funds with dozens of affiliated investment funds that collectively managed more than $2 trillion in assets at the end of 2019 [and almost $16 trillion 2023]. No similar fund exists in the United States. Although several other countries have established funds using the same model, none can compare to the Chinese sovereign funds in scale. Among China’s sovereign funds, China Investment Corporation (CIC) has received the most scholarly interest and media attention. Besides CIC, China has several other, more obscure investment funds affiliated with the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), the foreign exchange management arm of the People’s Bank of China (PBoC). Although these SAFE-affiliated investment funds are not as well known as CIC, they have established a global network that collectively managed at least $1 trillion in assets as of 2019. Over the past decade, China’s sovereign funds have injected capital into several state-owned policy-oriented investment institutions, such as the China Development Bank, Export-Import Bank of China, and the Silk Road Fund. These policy-financing institutions have played an instrumental role in directly financing the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the center-piece of President Xi Jinping’s foreign policy that aims to construct a new global trade network aligned with China’s vision for the world.

China’s sovereign funds are outliers among the world’s SWFs, which are primarily commodity-based funds established in oil-rich states, including Norway and countries throughout the Middle East and Africa. As the world’s largest importer of commodities, China has relatively little in common with the countries traditionally associated with SWFs. It is perplexing that China should have such massive sovereign funds in the first place. Researchers have pointed to China’s excess foreign exchange reserves as the impetus for China’s sovereign funds, but this is an insufficient explanation. A new framework is required to properly understand the origins of China’s sovereign funds and their political-economic functions. This book analyzes China’s sovereign funds by following a simple research principle: follow the money, find the politics. This approach is operationalized by using financial statement analysis to investigate the capital structures and asset allocations of China’s sovereign funds, including the sources of their capital, the conditions for capital transfer into the funds, their balance sheet strength and risk exposures, and the individuals involved in the funds’ most consequential investments. By closely following the money, one is able to uncover the politics that steered the flow of capital into China’s sovereign funds and the geopolitical motivations that drive the funds’ asset allocation.

Before introducing this book’s framework for analyzing China’s sovereign funds, some explanation of SWFs in general is necessary. The term “sovereign wealth fund” was first used in 2005 by Andrew Rozanov in his article “Who Holds the Wealth of Nations?” Rozanov defined SWFs as “sovereign-owned asset pools, which are neither traditional public pension funds nor reserve assets supporting national currencies.” According to this definition, commodity-based SWFs have existed for more than six decades. The first government-owned investment fund that would later be labeled a SWF was the Kuwait Investment Authority, established in 1953 and capitalized by the monetization of oil wealth found in the state. The 1970s saw the launch of a few more resource-based funds, but most present-day SWFs emerged after 1990. These commodity-based SWFs were capitalized by natural resource revenues and act as a national savings account; their investment revenues help smooth out the effects of commodity price fluctuations and stabilize national fiscal budgets. Such fiscal buffers are crucial to insulating these economies from the vagaries of global commodities markets. By 2007, SWFs had already achieved an impressive scale, managing more than $3.1 trillion in assets—about the same size as the entire US money market fund industry. Despite their size, SWFs have historically maintained a relatively low public profile.

China’s sovereign funds are unlike commodity-based SWFs and represent an entirely new class, which I term sovereign leveraged funds (SLFs). A distinctive feature of SLFs is their funding scheme, which relies upon a series of complicated transactions, including debt issuances and other forms of implicit financial leverage. SLFs are a political-economic innovation because they are the product of the state leveraging its financial and political resources to make it possible to capitalize a fund without relying upon a high-profit revenue stream like the export of commodities. To fully understand the political economy of SLFs, one must also understand how the state takes on financial leverage. The state can assume either explicit leverage, by issuing debts, or implicit leverage, by recharacterizing the risk profile of existing low-risk assets. A stylized balance sheet of the state can most clearly illustrate the difference between these two approaches. The key point is that explicit leverage and the issuance of new debt leads the state to expand its balance sheet. In contrast, implicit leverage increases the state’s overall risk profile without expanding its balance sheet. Unlike traditional commodity-based SWFs, neither of these approaches to leverage relies in any way upon natural resource revenues. A state without significant natural resource revenues can take on explicit or implicit leverage to source the seed capital for the founding of a sovereign leveraged fund.

The most straightforward way for the state to raise capital for its sovereign leveraged fund is to issue new government bonds or some other form of government debt. This allows the government to raise new capital from private markets, add it to the existing stock of available capital, and deploy the combined lot via a SLF as investments in risky assets. From an accounting perspective, the state has expanded its balance sheet and increased its use of financial leverage. The result of such financial engineering is that the state becomes explicitly leveraged because the newly issued debt remains on its balance sheet. The decisions about how the newly issued debt will be underwritten and who will ultimately control the resultant SLF are the product of intensive political negotiation and aggressive bureaucratic competition. Chapter 3 discusses China Investment Corporation as a case of the state taking on explicit leverage to establish a sovereign leveraged fund.

An alternative approach for the state to obtain investment capital is to convert existing pools of low-risk capital, or state-owned assets like foreign exchange reserves, into high-risk-bearing capital that is subsequently transferred to the management of the SLF. How this process constitutes an increase in the state’s financial leverage can be understood by considering the typical investment made by a SLF. In general, the fund uses its capital to make an equity investment in a target company that is itself internally leveraged—that is, carrying debt on its own balance sheet. The sovereign fund’s equity interest is subordinate to the debt of the target company. The state is implicitly leveraged because the debt of the company stays off the balance sheet of the state, but the state still bears the risk of losing its entire equity stake if the company’s debt cannot be repaid. In other words, the leverage is external to the state’s balance sheet. In this way, the state itself does not issue any new debt or expand its balance sheet, but it still increases its financial leverage. Economically, there is no difference between explicit (internal) and implicit (external) leverage: the only distinction is the accounting treatment and awareness among the general public of its existence.

Regardless of which type of leverage the state chooses when raising capital, the outcome is the same: it will inevitably precipitate a political conflict among those that aspire to control the resultant capital. Implicit leverage is usually the more politically expedient choice because the associated liabilities are usually not recorded in official accounts. Both Central Huijin and SAFE-affiliated investment companies serve as examples of how the state takes on implicit leverage and then political conflict ensues. These two cases are discussed in Chapter 2 and Chapter 4, respectively.

To summarize, SLFs are created by the state taking on financial leverage in either of two ways: one is to take on explicit leverage by issuing new debts; the other is to take on implicit leverage by raising the risk exposure of existing low-risk-bearing capital. Whether a SLF is capitalized from the proceeds of debt issuance (explicit leverage) or by reallocating idle reserve capital (implicit leverage), the positive gearing effects are the same, with the practical difference being the degree of transparency. Both approaches require the state to leverage its capital resources, financial assets, and political power. In other words, SLFs are the product of the state’s financial engineering and political engineering. Before a county’s leaders can establish such a fund, a political negotiation must occur between the state bureaucracies to determine where to source the fund’s seed capital and who will ultimately exercise control over the investment decisions. This process of negotiation firmly embeds SLFs in the politics of the state. SLFs use financial leverage to gather the capital necessary to implement the state’s strategic priorities without relying upon politically unpopular conventional means of raising money like tax policy or trimming budgets.

The experience of China’s SLFs demonstrates that although the state cannot always impose its will on markets, it can create new institutions that reshape the incentives that guide markets. SLFs are state-capitalist instruments for market governance. They are powerful tools that allow states to engage with markets and represent a new middle path between the prevailing dichotomy of the liberalist proposal to “remove state intervention” and the market institutionalist proposition to “bring the state back in.”

SLFs reconcile the seemingly opposite perspectives of liberalists and market institutionalists. The state’s control over the market cannot extend beyond its own borders, even in the extreme case of a centrally planned economy. Sovereign funds do not “administer or regulate” their portfolio companies. SLFs reduce the state’s reliance on non-market measures when engaging with the market. These funds can use equity participation to become direct participants in the market and provide capital to companies in the industries prioritized by the state. Well-known funds can also influence the market via their pure brand effect. Other institutional investors perceive investments made alongside prestigious sovereign funds to be inherently safer, imparting a higher risk–reward ratio compared to other investments. This effect is sometimes called the “Buffet Effect” because it was first observed in reference to investor Warren Buffet and his company Berkshire Hathaway, but it can also be seen with increasing frequency in the investments made by the Government Pension Fund of Norway, Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, Temasek, and China Investment Corporation. This is to say that SLFs empower the state to move and even shake the market by making selective equity investments that promote its industrial policies and geoeconomic interests. This is a fundamentally dif­ferent approach to the traditional model of the state guiding markets by administrative directives. 

SLFs are agents of the state in the exercise of noncoercive economic and financial statecraft. The creation of these state agents is firmly embedded in domestic politics, but their global activities are grounded in international geopolitics. How these agents interact with global markets is a function of the state’s own geopolitical aspirations and structural constraints in global markets. SLFs act as a noncoercive means for the state to advance its strategic interests in the global marketplace. They do so by establishing connections to influential foreign actors and gaining access to global networks of sophisticated investors and political elites. SLFs form partnerships and establish joint ventures with other prestigious investment institutions to mobilize global capital for the state’s prioritized goals. They also participate in multilateral institutions that set standards for global financial governance, effectuating the state’s sway over global finance. SLFs offer companies and other capital-seekers compelling financial incentives to comply with the state’s direction, allowing the state to forgo the more blunt tools of economic statecraft like tariffs and sanctions.

SLFs also allow the state to practice coercion by exercising their equity voting rights in firms across strategic sectors or at critical junctures in globalized supply chains. Armed with abundant capital, SLFs can choose to either finance the founding of a new firm that may eventually grow into a monopoly or acquire a controlling stake in mature companies that already have monopolistic power. SLFs influence their portfolio companies through the exercise of equity voting rights and can gain cooperation from even reluctant stakeholders by threatening to withdraw their capital support and sink the company’s valuation. As the first line of discipline, a SLF may cast its proxy vote against the management team as punishment for not keeping the company’s corporate behavior aligned with the state’s national interests. Later, if management refuses to adhere to the SLF’s guidance, it can divest its position and reinvest in a more pliable competitor. The equity capital of SLFs buys more than just a stream of dividends and a seat on the board; it acquires for the state the strategic option of responding to geopolitical conflict with geoeconomic reprisals. This was demonstrated during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic when many governments cajoled private companies into limiting exports or redirecting shipments of medical personal protective equipment (PPE) to domestic hospitals. By investing in companies at critical junctures in global supply chains, a SLF can ensure that the state’s interests will be given first consideration in all decisions over supplies while its rivals will only receive short shrift.
 

Born from Crisis: China’s Sovereign Leveraged Funds

The evolution of China’s SLFs has unfolded against the backdrop of China’s domestic financial reform and the globalization of Chinese capital. Once a backward country, China has caught up with Western powers on gross economic terms by relying upon its ability to mobilize capital. No other country in history has so rapidly transformed its economy from being among the world’s poorest and most isolated to one of the world’s largest economies, at the heart of the global supply chain, and a leading source of international investment capital. For the last two decades, SLFs have played a significant role in China’s economy,

mitigating financial crises and tempering exogenous shocks. SLFs have supported China’s industrial policies by financing the state’s procurement of strategic overseas assets, bankrolling Chinese enterprises’ mergers and acquisitions abroad, and sponsoring the development of indigenous Chinese technology startups. As China’s state-owned capital has gone global, the scope of China’s geoeconomic influence has duly expanded.

Although SLFs have become essential tools of China’s economic statecraft, their creation did not arise from some grand strategy of the CPC. Like most innovations, China’s SLFs were born out of necessity amid a state of crisis. Two exogenous shocks formed critical junctures in the evolution of China’s SLFs. The first was the Asian financial crisis in 1997; the second was the global financial crisis in 2008. At each of these critical junctures, the Chinese economy was at a starkly dif­ferent level of integration and embeddedness within global markets. The CPC leadership responded to these shocks by reexamining the boundaries of state–market relations in China and reinterpreting the Party’s commitment to reform and opening up. Among the results of this process, the CPC changed its approach to managing state-owned capital, especially China’s foreign exchange reserves.

Excerpted from SOVEREIGN FUNDS: HOW THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF  CHINA FINANCES ITS GLOBAL AMBITIONS by Zongyuan Zoe Liu, published by The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.  Copyright © 2023 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. All rights reserved. 

Audible China!

 
The 2023 edition is out and, with it, the new Audible version. Listen and wonder!

It's the only book that explains all three elements of China's success:
 
  1. Talent at the Top: Only the brightest, most idealistic people are are admitted to politics–a policy unchanged in 2200 years.
  2. Data in the Middle: policies are implemented, tracked, and optimized based on terabytes of data. The PRC is the world's largest consumer of public surveys.
  3. Democracy at the Bottom: ordinary people, all unpaid amateurs, assemble twice a year to check the stats and sign off on new legislation. Policies need a minimum of 66% support to become law. That's why 95% of Chinese say the country is on the right track.
The proof? There are more hungry children, more poor, homeless, drug addicted, and imprisoned people in America than in China.  

Why China Leads the World
investigates why the epidemic accelerated the change of global leadership from America to China and examines China’s bigger, steadier economy, its science leadership, stronger military, more powerful allies, and wider international support.

Crammed with charts, footnotes, and lengthy quotes, Why China Leads the World is a profoundly disturbing book that helps readers understand the tectonic shift and adapt to this new era–and even thrive in it.
***
The size of China's displacement of the world balance is such that the world must find a new balance. It is not possible to pretend that this is just another big player. This is the biggest player in the history of the world. Lee Kuan Yew: The Future of US-China Relations. The Atlantic.  
***
The Coronavirus accelerated the pace of change of global leadership from America to China. There are now more hungry children, more poor, homeless, drug addicted, and imprisoned people in America than in China. 

Suddenly, China's larger, steadier economy, its leadership in science, its stronger military, more powerful allies, and wider international support have handed it a lead that widens every day.  Crammed with direct quotes from its movers and shakers, charts, and footnotes, Why China Leads the World tells a remarkable tale, explains a tectonic shift, and helps you adapt to this new era, and even thrive in it. 
 ***
If we could just be China for one day we could actually authorize the right decisions. Thomas L. Friedman. The New York Times  

300 pages, 27 charts and graphs. $9.99 on Amazon and in bookstores worldwide.

Atrocities?

 

For decades, Western media have been narrating the same story about China being this brutal “dictatorship” whose people are killed at the hands of the criminal communist regime, giving the Tiananmen Square massacre as a prime example of the brutality of the Chinese government, wherein supposedly scores of students were killed at the hands of the People’s Liberation Army. However, a new book emerged proving that these claims are false and have no foundation to them except for Washington’s aspirations to tarnish the image of the Chinese Communist Party.

Atrocity Fabrication and Its Consequences: How Fake News Shapes World Order, a new book by A. B. Abrams, highlights that there never were any killings in the infamous Tiananmen Square back in 1989 as had been spread by Western propaganda for decades, and it was revealed that the entire affair was but a mere attempt at showing China as the villain in the geopolitical arena. The book underlines that no killings, let alone a massacre as is proclaimed, took place in Tiananmen Square.

How did the U.S. succeed in manipulating the mainstream narrative and have millions upon millions of people believe that China initiated a mass murder of its own people—young college students—crushing them with tanks and shooting them down with machine guns? The answer is simple: the manipulation of public perception through the press. This could be done using media out of context and providing an incomplete version of the truth.

For example, the most infamous piece of media “documenting” the crime to ever exist is a video showing a tank marching onto a person alleged to have been a student, and right as the tank gets close enough to the young man and stops, the video is cut, with there being some text accompanying the video hinting or proclaiming that the tank went on to run over the protester. However, that could not be further from the truth. In reality, other protesters rushed to the scene and accompanied him from there as the tank was standing in place waiting for him to comply and get out of its way.

The book argues that all the acts committed by the United States were in a bid to “justify wars of conquest and exploitation” and generate multi-billion-dollar profits for the notorious military-industrial complex, as reported by CovertAction Magazine.

Abrams highlighted that the Tiananmen Square protests initially took place not as a push for Westernization or the downfall of the Chinese government. Instead, their primary focus was on reinforcing the principles of China’s 1949 Communist Revolution and addressing the issue of corrupt officials who had deviated from Maoist principles.

This movement encompassed not only students but also a significant number of workers, who exhibited a stronger anti-CCP stance. Their collective objective aimed at the establishment of a socialist democracy within the framework of the movement.

The book cited a cable from the U.S. Embassy in Beijing that WikiLeaks published in 2016. The leak included reports on the eyewitness account of a Chilean diplomat and his wife who were present when the PLA made it to Tiananmen Square to disperse the protesters. The pair made it in and out of the square numerous times without any harassment and observed no mass firing of weapons into the crowds. They never saw any use of lethal force, to begin with.

Moreover, the book cited former Washington Post Beijing Bureau chief Jay Mathews who, in 1998, admitted that “all verified eyewitness accounts say that the students who remained in the square when troops arrived were allowed to leave peacefully.”

It also cited Reuters  correspondent Graham Earnshaw, who spent the night of June 3-4 at the center of Tiananmen Square and reported that most of the students left the square peacefully with the remainder of them being persuaded to do the same.

As is customary, the main source the Western media used to claim that a massacre took place was an anonymous student from Qinghua University making claims to the Hong Kong press, who then made it to the British media.

Still, BBC‘s Beijing correspondent James Miles said there was no massacre.

Western reporting had conveyed the wrong impression and protesters who were still in the square when the army reached it were allowed to leave after negotiations.

The narrative was also completely spun out of proportion, with the perpetrators being painted as the victims of a crime that was never committed in the first place. The book underlined that those who did die in Beijing during the events lost their lives in street battles between the PLA and insurgents far from the square. Reports from the U.S. Department of State underlined that the unarmed PLA officers were attacked with petrol bombs, burning many alive.

Uyghurs, another ‘crime’ China committed

The hoax built around Tiananmen Square was a blueprint for U.S. media campaigns aimed at showing the Chinese government in a bad light, as Washington went on to accuse Beijing of perpetrating a genocide against the Uyghur people in Xinjiang province.

The book stressed that the claims about the so-called Uyghur genocide relied on nothing but hardline extremist U.S.-funded anti-China groups. Namely, they were funded by the CIA-affiliated National Endowment for Democracy, which was tasked with carrying out what the notorious spy agency had done alone under the covers for decades.

Amid the claims of Beijing genociding the Uyghurs, the Uyghur population in Xinjiang saw an increase of 25% between 2010 and 2018 instead of the population experiencing a contraction. Even facilities the West claimed to have been “concentration camps” in which Uyghurs were killed en masse and “brainwashed” or “indoctrinated” appeared to have been a logistics park, a regular detention center, and elementary and middle schools.

Xinjiang looks good, safe, and secure, and all the people I spoke with seemed happy about it, former London Metropolitan Police Officer Jerry Grey, who spent a lot of time traveling in Xinjiang, said.

“Uyghurs in China have been growing faster than the majority Han Chinese in part because they weren’t subject to the one-child policy, they have 20,000 mosques built […] Uyghur children can get into top universities easier than Han Chinese, and have halal foods prepared for them in canteens and they have a prayer area on campus,” Daniel Dumbrill, a Canadian businessman and Chinese political analyst said.

“Portraying an adversary as committing particularly egregious crimes, especially when one intends to initiate military action or other hostile measures against the adversary, has consistently provided an effective means of moving public and international opinion and justifying [US imperial] actions,” Abrams said in his book.

Yugoslavia

The book also shed light on the U.S. propaganda focused in the 1990s on Serb leader Slobodan Milosevic, a socialist who sought to keep Yugoslavia together, accusing him of genocide in Kosovo and elsewhere.

Milosevic, a socialist, aimed to maintain the unity of Yugoslavia and prevent its fragmentation. This effort was driven by his desire to counteract Western nations’ potential expansion of influence and the establishment of U.S. military bases in a strategically vital area.

Interestingly, the most severe instances of ethnic cleansing during the war were actually executed by the Croats through Operation Storm, a plan devised by the CIA.

The Clinton administration additionally provided support to the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), which sought to establish an ethnically homogeneous Albanian state. This endeavor involved targeting Serbs and other minority groups.

Financing from the drug trade played a significant role in sustaining the KLA, leading the State Department to label it a “terrorist organization”. The NATO North Atlantic Council identified the KLA as the primary instigator of violence in Kosovo.

The narrative of genocide and the Serbs running concentration camps once again heavily relied on the testimony of an individual who openly admitted to not witnessing any killings—propagandist reporter Roy Gutman. This account was eventually discredited when a British journalist visited an alleged death camp, discovering that the inmates had voluntarily sought refuge from the nearby conflict in surrounding villages.

Yugoslavia was a highly successful state that united numerous contemporary Baltic nations under the banner of communism, and it met its demise when the United States and NATO waged a war against it, killing hundreds of civilians in the notorious bombing campaign it launched on the country in order to “sow democracy” there.

Syria

The same man who was one of the main reasons behind the collapse of Yugoslavia was almost able to do the same with Syria. Gutman played a major role in another similar war launched over a decade later against Syrian President Bashar Al-Assad.

The propaganda effort pushed by Gutman was similar to the one he peddled earlier, with it including the mass murder of people at the hands of the government without any evidence backing up these claims.

Western media and regimes falsely accused Al-Assad of carrying out attacks with chemical weapons against his own people while the attacks were likely carried out by U.S.-backed terrorists.

Back in November, the Grayzone website published a series of leaks that expose how senior officials of the OPCW censored this explosive finding in the Syrian city of Douma.

In its investigation, the website stated that “in the early days of the OPCW’s investigation of an alleged chemical attack in Douma, Syria, expert toxicologists ruled out chlorine gas as the cause of death for more than 40 civilians reported at the scene.”

The Korean War: Another ‘atrocity’

The Korean War, a war peddled by the United States that wound up splitting one people into two, was presented to the public as a “humanitarian intervention” aimed at rescuing the local population from communist forces. To establish this narrative, the Pentagon sponsored a propaganda film, titled The Crime of Korea narrated by Humphrey Bogart. This film falsely attributed atrocities committed by the South Korean government, with U.S. support, to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.

This narrative gained traction within the U.S. media and significantly bolstered the perception of the war as “morally justified”. An influential Timemagazine column titled “Barbarity” furthered this perspective by describing a communist massacre in Taejon, which subsequent investigations revealed was actually perpetrated by South Korean troops allied with the U.S.

Charles E. Potter, Chairman of the Senate Subcommittee on Korean Atrocities and appointed by Senator Joseph McCarthy, notorious for McCarthyism, which was responsible for the persecution of anyone even thought to be affiliated with any leftist organization or held any left-wing beliefs, emphasized the inhumane acts committed by U.S. adversaries. He recounted gruesome incidents, such as a “Red Chinese” nurse using garden shears to sever a GI’s toes without anesthesia and American POWs being subjected to torture with bamboo spears and confinement in small iron cages until death, with maggots infesting their eye sockets.

However, the accounts presented by Potter contradicted the testimonies of American and British POWs, who indicated that their treatment by captors was generally decent, although they had to attend lectures on communism.

Meanwhile, U.S.-run POW camps subjected DPRK and Chinese prisoners to severe brutality. These inmates were massacred for singing revolutionary songs and subjected to violent coercion to renounce repatriation to their homelands. This strategy aimed to score Cold War propaganda points by portraying defection to the West as a desire born out of the perceived superiority of its political-economic system.

The campaign of propaganda against the DPRK extended well into the 21st century, with increasingly extravagant made-up tales to portray the country in a negative light. Many of these stories were propagated by DPRK defectors, some of whom were influenced or incentivized by South Korea and possibly the CIA.

Shin Dong-hyuk, a defector, collaborated with Washington Postcorrespondent Blaine Harden to write a highly successful book Escape From Camp 14: One Man’s Remarkable Odyssey from North Korea to Freedom in the West. However, this account was later revealed to be a fabrication.

Yeonmi Park, another defector, who charges a speaking fee of $12,500 on Western media outlets, even made the ludicrous claim that her friend’s mother was executed for watching a Hollywood movie.

Lee Soon-ok, yet another defector, testified before a House committee in 2004 that she had witnessed Christians being tortured and burned to death in DPRK political prisons. However, the head of the North Korean Defectors’ Association, Chang In-suk, contradicted this, asserting that Lee was never a political prisoner.

Abrams noted that fabricated reports about DPRK state executions of prominent figures often coincided with the surprising reappearance of these supposedly deceased individuals on camera.

In a CNN report from May 2015, it was alleged that DPRK leader Kim Jong Un had ordered the poisoning and killing of his aunt, Kim Kyong Hui. However, Mrs. Kim appeared in public in January 2020, highlighting the inaccuracy of the claim.

Abrams suggested that these false defector testimonies and biased media coverage were embraced in the West due to the “self-gratification” they provided, seemingly affirming the notion of Western superiority over the least Westernized state. Additionally, they often served as justifications for hostile policies, including economic sanctions, against the DPRK.

The book talks about the demonization of the Russian and Vietnamese governments, as well as that of Libya and Iraq in a bid to validate the Gulf War, while also revisiting numerous cases of U.S. propaganda aimed at subverting its foes while giving impetus to itself and its beliefs in a bid to uphold the unipolar system that it has been trying so hard to keep propped up—to no avail. The recounting of the countless crimes committed by the United States comes as no surprise to many as the latter has done so for decades, and continues to do so, exploiting its hold on the media to give itself the moral high ground over its geopolitical enemies. Monthly ReviewAmazon.

For years, China’s transformation from one of the world’s poorest nations was lauded as a triumph that lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty. There were always questions about data reliability and growth sustainability, but the general views on China have recently taken a decidedly sour turn. Concerns abound about state interference in the economy, an ageing population, and high debt level. Making Sense of China's Economy untangles China’s complex economic structure, evolving issues and curious contradictions, and explains some key features of this most puzzling of global economic powerhouses.

This book reveals how factors such as demographics, the initial stage of development in 1978, the transition away from full state ownership and central planning, the dual urban-rural society, and a decentralised governance structure have combined to shape the economy, its development and its reforms. It shows how the pragmatic and adaptive nature of China’s policymaking upends familiar perspectives and hinders simple cross-country comparisons. The book also explores crucial topics including the property market, debt accumulation and environmental challenges.

In this book, Tao Wang innovatively weaves the multiple strands of China’s economy into a holistic and organic tapestry that gives us unique insights from both a Chinese and an international perspective.

This book is critical reading for business leaders, investors, policymakers, students, and anyone else hoping to understand China’s economy and its future evolution and impact, written by a specialist who has studied the country from both inside and out. Amazon.
Is the West prepared for a world where power is shared with China? A world in which China asserts the same level of global leadership that the USA currently assumes? And can we learn to embrace Chinese political culture, as China learned to embrace ours?

Here, one of the world's leading voices on China, Kerry Brown, takes us past the tired cliches and inside the Chinese leadership - as they lay out a roadmap for working in a world in which China shares dominance with the West.

From how, and why, China as a dominant superpower has been inevitable for many years, to how the attempts to fight the old battles are over, Brown digs deeper into the problematic nature of China's current situation - its treatment of dissent, of Xinjiang, Hong Kong, and the severe limitations on its management of relations with other cultures and values. These issues impact the way the West sees China, China sees the West, and how both see themselves.

There are obstacles to the West accepting a more prominent place for China in the world – but just because this will be a difficult process does not mean that it should not happen. As Kerry Brown writes: history is indeed ending, but not how the West thought it would. Amazon

The ISC Report

The ISC (Needham) Report


The Report of the International Scientific Commission for the Investigation of Facts Concerning Bacteriological Warfare in Korea and China (the ISC report), published at the height of the Korean War, validated claims by North Korea and China that the US had launched bacteriological warfare (biological warfare, BW) attacks against both troops and civilian targets in those two countries over a period of several months in 1952.
   

The most vilified document of the 20th Century.

The report’s release in September, 1952, brought a withering international attack. It was roundly denounced by American and British politicians of the highest rank, ridiculed by four star generals, accused of fraud by celebrated pundits, misquoted by notable scientists, and scorned by a compliant Western press. Charges were made against the quality and truthfulness of its science. Its “unstated” political agenda was denounced. The ethics of interviewing captured US pilots was excoriated and its authors were publicly flayed as communist dupes. The report was red baited in the US halls of Congress and deemed unpatriotic to read, and therefore went unread and deliberately forgotten over the years, which has been the fate of Korean War history in general. In subsequent decades, volumes placed in American university library collections were quietly and permanently removed from circulation.
   
When the rare copy came up for auction, it was discretely purchased and disappeared from public view. This critical 67 year old truth commission document from the Korean War was slipping towards oblivion. For these very reasons, historians and truth seekers should exalt the wondrous rebirth of the ISC Report from near extinction with the publication of this new electronic edition. We welcome the sunshine that re-publication brings to a shadowy and suppressed chapter of American Cold War history. (from the introduction by Thomas Powell) 800 pages.  $9.99.

GET ALL THE WEEK'S NEWS
WITH 
YOUR SUBSCRIPTION TO
THE TOP CHINA NEWSLETTER

GET A FOUR WEEK TRIAL SUBSCRIPTION FREE!
Share Share
Tweet Tweet
Forward Forward
Copyright © 2023 Godfree Roberts, All rights reserved.


Want to change how you receive these emails?
You can update your preferences or unsubscribe from this list.


Email Marketing Powered by Mailchimp