I agree. The reason I mention point 1 is to remind readers that the Palestinians were not the only people displaced by the Palestinian decision NOT to peacefully accept the partition of the Palestinian mandate. (It should also be noted that the Arabs received 94% of the whole mandate.) A good comparison can and should be made with another mass displacement of civilians by war in that era. The German defeat at the end of World War II resulted in the displacement of the German civilian populations from Silesia and Prussia and the annexation of these lands by Poland. These territories had been populated by Germans going back to nearly Roman times...but were erased because of the war crimes and military defeat of the German state at the end of the war. Like the Palestinians of 1948, the actions of their own leaders led to the catastrophe forcing their expulsion regardless of the individual culpability of those expelled. Unlike the Palestinians who have engaged in 75 years of war to try to reverse the loss of some territory, the Germans displaced into a smaller Rump Germany spent their efforts rebuilding their society into a model peace loving democratic state. They endured 10 years of occupation in the Western half of old Germany and defacto 45 years of occupation in the occupied quarter that the Russians occupied (DDR = East Germany). At the end of the Cold War when the now powerful German state had the opportunity to reunify East and West Germany, a serious question remained. What about the territories lost to Poland and Russia...Silesia and Prussia? Instead of using its power to bully Poland and Russia into giving back some or all of those territories or insisting on a "right of return" for the descendants of those displaced, the Germany state officially renounced all claims to those lands and accepted the judgement of history. That decision maintained the peace in Europe at that time and prevents war between the Rivers Oder and Memel (Poland/Lithuania). If the Palestinians had followed the path of the Germans imagine the vibrant Palestinian state that would exist today alongside prosperous states in Lebanon, Jordan, Syria and, of course Israel. That the Palestinians and their supporters still haven't learned from history is perhaps the greatest tragedy of all.