Maybe we'll have to go back to the pre-mass media days and create our own culture. People used to entertain themselves by story-telling, singing, playing an instrument, even drawing or painting, in order to pass the time and mimic the nobility. Or go to church. But, mass culture is apparently very addictive, and can be life-saving – as in finding vital health fixes. Or just convenient, like buying stuff on Amazon.

I do think that it is possible to be culturally self-sufficient and not rely on what I call entertainment software. The idea is to not be passive but active when it comes to spiritual desire or the need to belong to a group.

The desire for a place in the tribe is very strong however. So, possibly there is no other way than some kind of mass culture. But, as you say, how can you have a unifying mass culture in a multicultural society?

Thanks for your thought-provoking essay.