Thank you for a very insightful explanation of cognitive bias among both patients and clinicians in healthcare interactions. I’m a retired clinical health psychologist and can appreciate both sides of these interactions, as well as the importance of keeping the focus on providing care in the context of trust and maintaining the relationship. If the patient doesn’t feel heard and understood, the clinician’s good advice/recommendations won’t be valued enough to be considered. I’m reminded of Jerome Groopman’s book, “How Doctors Think,” which I recommended to many patients over the years as I encouraged them to partner with their providers in advocating for their care. Thanks also to the commentator for raising the issue of restoring functioning. As a friend ten years my senior once said, “You get to a pint where you’re just trying to hang on to what you had.” Hair, joints, eyesight. Alas we are of a nature to grow old and lose these things. A healthcare provider who appreciates the psychological dimension of this is better equipped to communicate with patients.