On Saturday, fake fireworks lit up a stage in Warsaw as the Guns N' Roses song "Paradise City" played to a crowd of mostly young men in their twenties.
They had come to a campaign rally for the far-right Konfederacja, or Confederation, party, and to hear its co-leaders Slawomir Mentzen and Krzysztof Bosak speak.
The venue was a converted old vodka factory on the east side of the city that now houses plush restaurants and bars.
Mr Mentzen entered the stage by throwing fake money into the crowd - a nod to his criticism of the current Law and Justice government’s high spending on social benefits.
The young men in the crowd laughed as Mr Mentzen proceeded to lambast both Law and Justice’s leaders and the main opposition party Civic Platform - the two pillars of Polish politics for the past two decades - through a series of projected memes.
"There will never be a coalition with Law and Justice," Mr Mentzen told the audience, addressing an assumption, held by many political observers in Poland, that his party are set to become the next junior coalition partner for the nationalist-populist party.
"We want to achieve our programme, and not theirs," he said.
Confederation is currently polling at 9% ahead of Sunday’s parliamentary election.
During the summer, support for the far-right movement peaked at 15%, but it has since competed for the votes of Poland’s entrepreneurs with the centre-right Third Way, which also advocates for small government and tax breaks for the self-employed.
Mr Mentzen is a 36-year-old economist who owns a craft brewery business and has almost 800,000 followers on TikTok.
His co-leader, Mr Bosak, is 41.
An Ipsos survey last April found that one in three male voters under the age of 40 intend to vote for Confederation.
And judging by the crowd, it certainly appears to be Poland’s youngest political movement.
The party currently holds 11 seats in Poland’s 460-seat parliament.
9% of votes nationally would translate to 38 seats, enough to give it clout in government or in opposition.
Andrzej Bobinski, editor-in-chief of political magazine Polityka Insight, told RTÉ News that Confederation could vote with the opposition because "it will want to open up the Polish political scene" and prevent another Law and Justice government.
In Mr Mentzen's daily TikTok videos, he calls for a single low rate of income tax of 12% and a simplified tax system.
He also airs his and his party’s opposition to providing social security benefits for Ukrainian refugees.
"We don't want to pay pensions for Ukrainians who have only worked one day in Poland," he said in one video.
"Polish taxes should be for Polish needs," he said in another.
Many of his videos receive more than 300,000 views, with some getting more than 600,000.
Confederation is a coalition of three far-right parties that formed an electoral pact last year.
During the election campaign, the party has focused on its liberal economic policies rather than its ultra-conservative position on social issues.
The party opposes abortion, and one of its candidates, Michal Wawer, said in a televised debate on TVN last month that that party was "in favour of removing the rape premise". Polish law allows for abortion in cases of rape.
It also opposes "illegal immigration", wants to stop social security benefits for Ukrainian refugees and advocates for gun ownership laws to be relaxed.
Confederation also wants to protect Poland's coal industry.
However, the party’s election manifesto makes no reference to its opposition to abortion.
Its stance on same-sex civil partnership and marriage remains ambiguous in this election and is also absent from the manifesto.
One of Confederation’s MPs, Grzegorz Braun, called for the "criminalisation of sodomy" during a television interview in 2019.
The party’s manifesto includes a full chapter on its protectionist support for Polish farmers - an attempt to capitalise on protests from Poland’s grain farmers, who have objected to the influx of cheaper Ukrainian grain.
Speaking to RTÉ News, co-leader of the party Mr Bosak said that the party was setting its sights on preparing for European and local elections next year.
Mr Bosak stood as a presidential candidate three years ago and was eliminated in the first round with 6.7% of the national vote.
Mr Bosak said the movement’s "value system" was based on the "social teachings of the Church", and that it was skeptical about "leftism, woke-ism, progressivism".
"We are against all that stuff."
Neither of Poland's two main parties look set to win a majority, meaning smaller parties like Confederation could play an oversized role in the next parliament.
