Expectations for PMs have transformed in 24 months.

Here's the latest AI PM tech stack (Dec 2025):

Traditional PM skills are table stakes now.

There's real differentiation from mastering these 8 layers, in order:

1. Foundation Models

Without understanding the pros/cons of the different foundational models, you can't make informed build decisions.

- AI Foundations for PMs: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-f…

- Complete Course: news.aakashg.com/p/comp…

- Model Comparison: docs.github.com/en/copi…

2. Prompt Engineering

Poor prompts cost companies thousands in wasted tokens and inconsistent outputs.

- Guide: news.aakashg.com/p/prom…

- Library: news.aakashg.com/p/pm-p…

- Claude Skills: news.aakashg.com/p/clau…

3. Context Engineering

RAG with Pinecone, Chroma, or LangChain turns generic models into domain experts for your product.

- Context Eng: news.aakashg.com/p/cont…

- RAG vs Fine-tuning: news.aakashg.com/p/rag-…

- DBs: reddit.com/r/LangChain/…

4. AI Prototyping

Bolt, Cursor, and v0 let you ship working demos in hours instead of weeks.

- Top 5: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-p…

- Bolt: news.aakashg.com/p/bolt…

- Guide: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-p…

5. Testing & Evals

Tools like Braintrust and Arize help you catch hallucinations before customers.

- Evals: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-e…

- Testing: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-t…

- LLM Judges: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-p…

6. AI Agents & Workflows

Use tools like LangChain to orchestrate multi-step tasks that replace entire workflows.

- AI Agents Guide: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-a…

- Practical AI Agents: news.aakashg.com/p/prac…

- Agent Patterns: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-p…

7. Observability

Use tools like LangSmith to show you exactly where your AI burns budget and fails users.

- Observability Guide: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-p…

- AI Monitoring Best Practices: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-t…

- Cost Tracking Tutorial: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-e…

8. Product Strategy (The ultimate level)

These decisions determine if your product survives.

- AI Product Strategy: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-p…

- Strategy Playbook: news.aakashg.com/p/2025…

- Product Sense Interview: news.aakashg.com/p/ai-p…

And now go try these tools 🤖