Good points generally, but you glossed over the issue of how welfare policies created a culture of dependency that lead to criminal problems, etc. Black people would have been better off without welfare that incentivized single parenting, but there could be welfare programs that are done much better which would be a huge improvement on no welfare at all. This could use more investigation. Would be a shame to generalize too broadly and give people the idea that any welfare will create these problems. How could it be done better? Try comparing with Scandinavian countries.