Well… “Buddhism” really isn’t a thing. It’s vast family of dissimilar religions with partly-shared origins. Claude’s answer is sort of an impressionistic mashup of Hinayana and Mahayana.

I’d answer from pov of Vajrayana. But that’s also two quite different things… This sermon was from pov of Dzogchen within Vajrayana.

Charlie Awbery and I explained the Dzogchen take on agency here: vividness.live/relating…

We translated kadag as “basic OKness” and lhundrup as “radiating open-hearted activity.”

I have parts of an answer from pov of tantra (the other half of Vajrayana) here (in the pages in the section that introduces):