“When it comes to public speaking, it's worth remembering that charisma on a stage often comes from leaning into your natural instincts. Introverts are more persuasive when their speeches focus on thoughtfulness, depth, preparation, and genuine connection. Extroverts are more charismatic when they are energetic and entertaining.”

I was so happy to read this advice in Charles Duhigg’s excellent newsletter - because, as an introvert, I had to learn this the hard way. For years I had thought that I couldn’t be a good speaker, because I wasn’t a natural show person. Eventually I realized that I could focus on exactly the qualities that Charles says - and that’s when my life as an improbable frequent-public- speaker began.

Hopefully this advice will inspire you, and save you some misconceptions!