In Greek myth, Phaethon was the son of the water nymph, Clymene, and, allegedly, Helios, god of the sun. In order to prove his paternity, Helios promised to grant Phaethon any wish, who asked to ride his father’s chariot across the sky. Helios urged him to do something less dangerous, warning him that not even Zeus could control the fire-breathing horses, who answered to him alone. But Phaethon was adamant and Helios reluctantly granted his wish.
Needless to say, things did not go well: the horses, used to the great weight of Helios, thought the chariot empty and drove wildly across the Earth, setting it ablaze and turning Africa into a desert. The Earth Mother Gaia, fearing the entire world to soon be consumed by fire, urged Zeus to do something. The great thunder god cast a thunderbolt, striking Phaethon out of the sky, killing him instantly.
The story almost cries out to be painted, and many artists have obliged over the centuries.
(In order of appearance: Rubens, Moreau, Stubbs, Ward, Bertin, and Ricci)