"For starters, do the recent trends toward heavy makeup – both for women and those who want to appear as women – indicate that we as a society are devoid of moral goodness?" No, in my ever-so-balanced, totally-unbaised and scrupulously fair-minded opinion...emphatically NO. It merely indicates (aside from the fact that a lot of (young and even many older) women who lack belief in their innate worth are too easily swayed by another (wannabe considered 'beautiful') person's 'opinion.'
It also demonstrates a severe lack of possession of the most basic quotidian common sense imaginable.
I have always felt that true beauty comes from deep within a person, comprised of equal measures of character, moral strength, intelligence and high self-regard. Anyone with those qualities needs external "cosmetic" enhancement (e.g. "makeup") about as much as your hypothetical "pig" needs lipstick.
Although true moral goodness isn't innately synonymous with having strong religious convictions, those who lack the courage to dispense with unsubstantiated theological hypotheses about supreme deities, and take on the burden of personal responsibility for treating one's fellows with the dignity, regard and favorable consideration that they deserve, some sort of religious 'support system' (e.g. a belief in a Higher Power that demands observance and compliance with higher moral and ethical standards) may be helpful.
It takes a HUGE amount of courage to believe that human beings may have originated on Earth purely by chance, enabled by the arrival of certain crucial amino-acid building blocks on a piece of asteroid from another part of the galaxy (or universe). To Full self-affirmation and personal actuation places tremendous demands on individuals. Sadly, self-confidence, belief in one's self, and strong character appear to be in rather short supply these days.
Again, in my humble opinion, "prophets", priests, pastors, witchdoctors and shamen should never be thought of as "Fathers", but merely as therapists of varying skill.
Until humanity has survived for another millennium or two without destroying the home planet (and all life upon it), all religious beliefs, faiths and 'external' sources of 'heavenly strength' should be regarded as poorly substantiated substitutes for self-affirmation, self-regard, high moral character and humane regard for all life.
And now, please excuse me. I have to go light an alter candle to the Sun God, MXYZPTLK, and sacrifice my mother-in-law's sacred Estee Lauder Facial Rouge to bring down God’s favor upon me...